| 宋卫国,马剑,袁非牛,郑红阳,房志明.典型学生人群对疏散指示反应特性的初步研究[J].火灾科学,2006,15(3):159-167. |
| 典型学生人群对疏散指示反应特性的初步研究 |
| On Students’ Response Characteristics to Exit Signs: a Primary Study |
| 投稿时间：2006-05-02 修订日期：2006-07-21 |
| 查看全文 查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1004-5309.年.期.顺序 |
| 基金项目:国家十五科技攻关二期项目(2004BA803803) |
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| 中文关键词: 疏散指示 能见度 人员疏散 反应特性 |
| 英文关键词:exit signs visibility evacuation response characteristic |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 本文针对典型学生人群对疏散指示的反应特性开展了初步的实验,分析了试验者给出的能见度主观评价(主观能见度)的统计结果,得出了影响主观能见度的因素:疏散指示的亮度、大小和颜色。与统计实验同步使用固定增益、自动光圈、手动调焦的CCD摄像机获取了距疏散指示不同距离的场景,结合图像处理的方法实验获得了疏散指示的亮度、对比度信息。基于此,并考虑疏散指示大小和颜色对能见度的影响,提出了一种主观能见度评价的心理模型,较好地符合了统计实验结果,可以用来评价疏散指示主观能见度。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Initial tests have been performed to assess students’ response characteristics to exit signs. Visibility given by the participant students, called subjective visibility, was analyzed. From the results we can see that subjective visibility was mainly affected by factors like luminance, size and color of the signs. Meanwhile, a fixed gain CCD camera coupled with an auto-iris and manual-focus lens was used to get scenes where the signs located from different distances. Images of the scenes were processed in order to get pixel intensity, a measure of normalized luminance, and contrast of the signs. Based on the processing and considering the influences of the size and color of the signs, the authors proposed a psychological model to evaluate the subjective visibility. Results given by the model go well with the statistical ones, which indicate that the model, although in its very primary state, can be used to estimate the visibility of exit signs. |
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