《火灾科学（中英文）》编辑部

万远,胡同,贺彪,杨彪.多条件约束三维动态行人疏散路径优化方法[J].火灾科学,2021,30(4):192-201.

多条件约束三维动态行人疏散路径优化方法

A path optimization method of three-dimensional dynamic pedestrian evacuation

DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1004-5309.2021.04.02

基金项目:自然资源部城市国土资源监测与仿真重点实验室开放基金资助课题(KF-2018-03-031);湖北省教育厅科学技术研究项目(B2019132)

作者	单位
万远	自然资源部城市国土资源监测与仿真重点实验室,深圳,518034 湖北师范大学城市与环境学院,黄石,435002
胡同^*	自然资源部城市国土资源监测与仿真重点实验室,深圳,518034 湖北师范大学城市与环境学院,黄石,435002
贺彪	深圳大学智慧城市研究院,深圳,518061
杨彪	自然资源部城市国土资源监测与仿真重点实验室,深圳,518034 湖北师范大学城市与环境学院,黄石,435002

中文关键词: 行人疏散多目标优化路径寻优社会力模型

英文关键词:Pedestrian evacuation Multi-objective optimization Path optimization Social force model

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中文摘要:

针对约束环境下的行人疏散路径选择问题,提出了三维动态行人疏散路径优化方法。通过元胞自动机模型的拓展建立了三维行人疏散网格模型和三维解空间,在此基础上,综合考虑行人视域、路径距离、行人空间分布等多条件约束。引入路径寻优方法(Ant Colony Algorithm)、改进的社会力模型、更新的启发函数和信息素,构建了新的行人路径选择与优化机制。仿真结果符合实际路径优化需求,模型算法平衡了各出口利用率,提高了行人整体疏散效率,为三维空间下的行人疏散路径优化问题的解决提供了新的思路和方案,生成的疏散路径信息有望反馈到地标系统中并有效指导突发情况下行人的路径选择。

英文摘要:

A path optimization method of solving three-dimensional dynamic pedestrian evacuation is proposed, addressing the problem of pedestrian evacuation path selection in a constrained environment. A grid model of three-dimensional pedestrian evacuation is established, and the spatial position of the grid is calculated by extending the cellular automata model. Based on the model, multiple constraints such as pedestrian horizons, path distance, and pedestrian spatial distribution are comprehensively considered. The social force model is improved by introducing path optimization (ant colony algorithm). The heuristic function and pheromone update are also improved, and the pedestrian path selection mechanism is constructed. The simulation results fit with the actual needs of path optimization. The utilization of each exit is balanced, and the overall efficiency of pedestrian evacuation is improved, providing a new idea and scheme for solving the problem of pedestrian evacuation path optimization in three-dimensional space. The generated evacuation path information is expected to be fed back to the landmark system to guide pedestrians' path selection in emergencies effectively.

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