《火灾科学》编辑部

魏立新,唐宏辉,赵家明,殷耀龙,谢艺强,徐志胜.城市“W”型中长距离沉管隧道火灾烟气运动规律研究[J].火灾科学,2023,32(2):107-115.

城市“W”型中长距离沉管隧道火灾烟气运动规律研究

Study on the movement law of fire smoke in urban W-shaped medium and long-distance immersed tunnel

DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1004-5309.2023.02.01

基金项目:企业创新科研项目(2021-093-FK)

作者	单位
魏立新	广州市市政工程设计研究总院有限公司,广州,510000
唐宏辉	广州市市政工程设计研究总院有限公司,广州,510000
赵家明	中南大学防灾科学与安全技术研究所,长沙,410075
殷耀龙	中南大学防灾科学与安全技术研究所,长沙,410075
谢艺强	广州市市政工程设计研究总院有限公司,广州,510000
徐志胜^*0	中南大学防灾科学与安全技术研究所,长沙,410075

中文关键词: 隧道火灾 “W”型坡度隧道数值模拟烟气运动烟气控制

英文关键词:Tunnel fire W-slope tunnel Numerical simulation Smoke movement Smoke control

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中文摘要:

面对城市内河存有江中岛情况,过江隧道普遍采用“W”型的纵断面形式。揭示城市“W”型过江隧道火灾烟气运动规律具有重要意义。利用火灾动力学软件(FDS),采用数值模拟方法研究了交通正常、拥堵工况下城市“W”型中长距离沉管隧道火灾烟气蔓延范围和隧道顶部温度、流速分布规律。结果表明:交通正常时,临界风速可以较好控制城市“W”型隧道内不同区间发生火灾时的烟气;交通拥堵时,沙岛段发生火灾时危险性最高,1 800 s时烟气还有继续蔓延的趋势。交通正常时隧道顶部最高温度均小于300 ℃;交通拥堵时,沙岛段隧道顶部最高温度约423 ℃,沉管段隧道顶部最高温度约387 ℃,出入口段隧道顶部最高温度约350 ℃~400 ℃。交通正常时,火源下游流速明显高于上游流速;交通拥堵时,火源处流速最大,随着距离增加,流速整体呈现衰减趋势,隧道顶部流速会随坡度变化波动。

英文摘要:

When urban rivers contain islands, W-shaped longitudinal sections are commonly used for tunnels that cross the river. It is crucial to investigate the smoke movement and temperature and velocity distribution at the top of the tunnel in case of an urban W type river crossing tunnel fire. This paper uses Fire Dynamics Software (FDS) and numerical simulation methods to study the spread trend of fire smoke and the temperature and velocity distribution at the top of the tunnel in the urban W-shaped medium and long-distance immersed tunnel under normal traffic and congestion conditions. The results indicate that, during normal traffic, the critical wind speed can effectively control smoke from fire in different sections of the urban W-shaped tunnel. However, during congestion, the Shadao section poses the greatest danger in the event of a fire, and the smoke continues to spread for up to 1 800 seconds. When traffic is normal, the maximum temperature at the top of the tunnel is below 300 ℃. However, during congestion, the maximum temperature at the top of the tunnel in the Shadao section reaches approximately 450 °C, while in the immersed section, it reaches approximately 400 °C, and at the entrance and exit, it ranges between 350 °C to 400 °C. During normal traffic, the downstream velocity of the fire source is significantly higher than the upstream velocity. However, during congestion, the velocity of the fire source is at its peak. As the distance increases, the overall velocity decreases, and the velocity at the top of the tunnel fluctuates with the slope. These findings are significant for better understanding fire behavior in urban W-shaped tunnels and for developing effective fire prevention and control strategies.

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