| 潘颖,高威,刘乃安,张林鹤.腔室开口位置对室内火灾发展和火溢流燃烧特征影响的实验研究[J].火灾科学,2026,35(1):1-11. |
| 腔室开口位置对室内火灾发展和火溢流燃烧特征影响的实验研究 |
| Experimental study on effects of opening position on compartment fire development and combustion characteristics of spill fire plume |
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| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1004-5309.2026.01.01 |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC3003000);国家自然科学基金项目(52020105008);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(WK2320000058) |
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| 中文关键词: 腔室火 火溢流 开口位置 火焰形态 温度分布 |
| 英文关键词:Compartment fire Spill fire plume Opening position Flame pattern Temperature distribution |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 腔室开口位置的改变可以影响腔室火灾的发展过程,进而影响开口火溢流的燃烧特征。实验研究了不同开口位置和火源热释放速率下腔室火灾的发展过程,着重分析了腔室内部火焰形态和温度分布、开口流动状况和火溢流温度场的演化规律。结果表明,开口位置变化对室内火灾发展可以产生两方面的作用机制:一是影响入流空气作用于火焰的位置和程度,开口位置最低时,火焰轨迹倾斜弯曲的程度最低,入流空气对火焰的作用最弱;二是影响室内通风状况,进而影响室内燃烧进程。随着开口位置的升高,室内火焰逐渐因为通风不足而导致火焰亮度降低,特别是在开口位置最高的工况下,室内火焰会随着热释放速率的持续增加而呈现游走火现象。在上述机制的作用下,开口处的空气入流质量流率随着开口位置的升高而先减后增。在一定的火源热释放速率下,开口位置的升高可能导致腔室火灾由通风充足向通风不足转变。随着开口位置的升高,火溢流逐渐附着于外立面,燃烧特征从轴对称火焰向线性火焰转变。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Opening position can affect the fire growth process inside a compartment, which in turn affects the combustion characteristics of the spill fire plume from the opening. In this paper, we conduct an experimental study of compartment fires with different opening positions and heat release rates, focusing on the internal flame geometry and temperature distribution, the flow conditions at the opening, and the temperature contour of the spill fire plume. Results show that the changes in the opening position has two effects on the growth of compartment fires. First, it affects the position and extent of the inflow air acting on the flame. When the opening position is the lowest, the curvature of the flame trajectory is the lowest, and the effect of the air inflow on the flame is the weakest. Second, it affects the ventilation conditions and the burning inside the compartment. As the opening elevation increases, the flame brightness decreases; when the opening position is the highest, the increase in the heat release rate induces the ghosting fire phenomenon. As the opening elevation increases, the mass inflow rate at the opening first decreases and then increases. For a specific heat release rate, the rise of opening elevation may result in a transition from over- to under-ventilated fires. The combustion characteristics of the spill fire evolve from an axisymmetric flame to a linear flame as the opening elevation increases, accompanied by flame attachment to the facade. |
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