| 刘孟凯,王依.消防水雾辅助构建建筑火灾逃生通道可行性研究[J].火灾科学,2026,35(1):78-86. |
| 消防水雾辅助构建建筑火灾逃生通道可行性研究 |
| Feasibility study of construction of building fire escape routes assisted with fire-fighting water mist |
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| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1004-5309.2026.01.09 |
| 基金项目: |
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| 中文关键词: 火灾 消防水雾 逃生路径 建筑 数值模拟 |
| 英文关键词:Fire Fire-fighting water mist Escape route Building Numerical simulation |
| 摘要点击次数: 25 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 建筑火灾逃生盲目、混乱是造成灾害损失的重要原因。研究基于消防水雾系统能够有效抑制火灾烟气的特性,采用数值模拟方法,论证主动选择性启闭建筑已有消防系统中部分喷淋设备构建更有利于人员逃生的辅助通道,改善逃生盲目性与混乱性的可行性。结果表明:对于案例教学建筑,选择性启闭建筑已有消防系统中部分喷淋设备能有效抑制火灾烟气蔓延。最佳方案可用疏散时间为316 s,可用逃生时间较自由燃烧增加67%,一氧化碳浓度和温度达到危险临界值的时刻分别推迟了67%和82%。由此可见选择性启闭建筑已有消防系统中部分喷淋设备构建逃生通道具有可行性,提高逃生有效性和有序性,避免逃生混乱无序的后果。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Blind and chaotic evacuation in building fires is an important cause of disaster losses. This study is based on the characteristic that fire water mist systems can effectively suppress fire smoke. Using numerical simulation methods, it is demonstrated that installing some sprinkler equipment in existing fire protection systems for active selective opening and closing buildings is more conducive to the construction of auxiliary escape routes for personnel and to improving the visibility and order of escape. The results indicate that, in case-based teaching buildings, selectively opening and closing sprinkler devices in the existing fire protection system can effectively suppress the spread of fire smoke. The optimal evacuation time is 316 seconds, which increases the available escape time by 67% compared to free combustion. The time when carbon monoxide concentration and temperature reach the critical danger values is delayed by 67% and 82%, respectively. It can be seen that selectively opening and closing sprinkler equipment in existing fire protection systems to construct escape routes is feasible, improving the effectiveness and orderliness of escape and avoiding the consequences of chaotic escape. |
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