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| 徽州古民居天井空间的火灾蔓延规律研究 |
| Study on fire spread law of patio space of ancient residential houses in Huizhou |
| 投稿时间：2024-08-14 修订日期：2026-06-02 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金-面上项目(52208103)；安徽省高校省级自然科学研究-重大项目(KJ2021ZD0067)；安徽省社会科学创新发展研究课题(2023CX119)。 |
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| 中文关键词: 徽州古民居 天井 火灾危险性 火灾蔓延模拟 |
| 英文关键词:Huizhou traditional houses patio Fire hazard Fire spread simulation |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 天井作为徽州古民居的重要组成部分,能够在火灾发生时减缓火灾蔓延。然而,随着社会变迁,天井的防火功能逐渐失效。本文采用FDS软件建立了“凹字型”天井的三维数值模型,分析了不同天井高度的3种工况、不同开口尺寸的3种工况和天井闭合的2种工况下的燃烧特性,旨在探讨不同种类天井的火灾蔓延规律,为今后天井的防火改造提供参考指导。结果表明：在火灾发生初期,开放式天井相比封闭式天井,火灾危险性更小；开口宽度、长度及天井高度的增加,天井的火灾蔓延速率逐渐减小。此外,距离天井底部0-1.5m的空间,火灾危险性较低；1.5-4.5m的空间,4.3m高度大小的天井火灾危险性较高；4.5m以上的空间,火灾危险性趋于相同。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| As an important part of the traditional houses in Huizhou, the patio can slow down the spread of fire in case of fire. However, with social changes, the fireproof function of the patio gradually fails. This study aims to investigate the fire spreading pattern of different kinds of Huizhou traditional patios and to provide a reference guide for the future fire prevention renovation of patios. In this paper, a three-dimensional numerical model of the "concave" patio was established by using FDS software. Three kinds of working conditions with different heights, three kinds of working conditions with different opening sizes, and two kinds of working conditions with the patio closed were simulated. The simulation results show that at the early stage of the fire, the open patio has less fire hazard than the closed patio. Under certain conditions, the fire spread rate of the patio gradually decreases with the increase of the opening width, length, and patio height. In addition, the space from 0-1.5m from the bottom of the patio has the lowest fire hazard; the space from 1.5-4.5m has the highest fire hazard for the patio of 4.3m height size; and the fire hazard tends to be the same for the space of more than 4.5m. |
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