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| 黑磷微胶囊改性及其对不饱和聚酯复合材料阻燃性能的增强作用 |
| Microcapsule-Modified Black Phosphorus and Its Enhancing Effect on the Flame Retardant Properties of Unsaturated Polyester Composites |
| 投稿时间：2026-01-22 修订日期：2026-04-14 |
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| DOI： |
| 基金项目:博士后创新人才支持计划(BX20240427)；国家自然科学(U25B6007)；中国石油大学(北京)科研基金资助(2462024SZBH009,2462025PTJS006) |
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| 中文关键词: 黑磷 阻燃 复合材料 三嗪基衍生物 |
| 英文关键词:Black phosphorus Flame retardancy Composite materials Triazine-based derivatives |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 针对不饱和聚酯树脂（UPR）阻燃性差、脆性大等问题，本研究设计并制备了一种基于三嗪基团表面修饰的黑磷纳米片微胶囊阻燃剂（PDCA@BP）。通过将PDCA@BP作为纳米填料与UPR复合，进而系统评估了复合材料的阻燃性能与力学性能。锥形量热仪的测试结果表明，添加2.0 wt%的PDCA@BP可使复合材料的峰值热释放速率（PHRR）和总热释放量（THR）较纯UPR分别降低38.3%和37.9%，同时其极限氧指数（LOI）提升至22.0%。残炭分析进一步表明，PDCA@BP促进形成致密连续的炭层，并呈现出P-N协同阻燃效应。在力学性能方面，PDCA@BP的加入能改善UPR的脆性，在0.5 wt%的最佳添加量下，复合材料的冲击强度较纯树脂提升了187%。但过高的添加量（2.0 wt%）会导致纳米粒子团聚，形成应力集中点，反而对力学性能产生不利影响。本研究为开发高效多功能纳米阻燃剂，同步提升UPR的阻燃与韧性提供了一种新策略。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To address the issues of poor flame retardancy and high brittleness of unsaturated polyester resin (UPR), this study designed and prepared a microencapsulated flame retardant based on triazine-modified black phosphorus nanosheets (PDCA@BP). The PDCA@BP is incorporated into UPR as a nanofiller, and the flame retardant and mechanical properties of the composites are systematically investigated. Cone calorimeter test results indicated that with a PDCA@BP loading of 2.0 wt%, the peak heat release rate (PHRR) and total heat release (THR) of the composite decreased significantly by 38.3% and 37.9%, respectively, compared to pure UPR. The limiting oxygen index (LOI) increased to 22.0%. Char residue analysis revealed that PDCA@BP promoted the formation of a dense and continuous char layer, exhibiting a phosphorus-nitrogen synergistic flame retardant effect. Impact strength test showed that the addition of PDCA@BP effectively mitigated the brittleness of UPR. With a loading of 0.5 wt%, the impact strength of the composite increased by 187% compared to pure UPR. However, excessive addition (2.0 wt%) led to nanoparticle agglomeration, creating stress concentration points, which adversely affected the mechanical properties. This study provides a new strategy for developing efficient multifunctional nanoscale flame retardants to simultaneously enhance the flame retardancy and toughness of UPR. |
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